![]() ![]() Next Section The structure and activities of the centrosomeĪt the ultrastructural level, the centrosome of a typical mammalian cell consists of a pair of centrioles associated withĪ cloud of electron dense material known as the pericentriolar material (PCM), which surrounds one or both centrioles depending In this review, we focus on the mechanisms that control centrosome duplication and coordinate it with nuclear events during In response to extra spindle poles ( Sluder et al. Extra centrosomes are a problem because the condition is not remediated cells do not have a checkpoint that aborts mitosis In fact, the cells of many lethal human tumors are genetically unstable and have abnormally high numbers of centrosomes See Orr-Weaver and Weinberg 1998 Brinkley 2001). The daughter cells, leading to genetic imbalances that produce cells with aggressive growth characteristics (for reviews, Than once in a cell cycle, then a multipolar spindle may be assembled and the chromosomes may be unequally distributed to Somatic cells eventually return to interphase without dividing, which causes polyploidy. If the centrosome fails to duplicate before the onset of mitosis, most Of the centrosome can have disastrous consequences. Failure of the cell to precisely control this duplication Is the pair of centrosomes that organize the spindle poles during mitosis ( Mazia 1987).īefore the cell enters mitosis, the single interphase centrosome duplicates or reproduces exactly once, and the daughter centrosomesįorm the two poles of the spindle after breakdown of the nuclear envelope. The agent of the higher animal cell for the establishment of this essential “twoness” The cell before the completion of mitosis. Of a strictly bipolar mitotic apparatus that will ensure that all daughter chromosomes are segregated to opposite sides of The essence of successful mitosis is the generation of two genetically identical daughter cells. Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA.
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